Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente |
lang:csharp:clr [2018/12/07 17:54] – Ajout de "Syntaxe de C++/CLI" root | lang:csharp:clr [2019/12/13 15:17] (Version actuelle) – mhtml -> html root |
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=====Syntaxe de C++/CLI==== | ====Syntaxe de C++/CLI==== |
Les types ''C#'' se postfixe avec un ''^'' et on utilise ''using namespace'' à la place de ''using'' pour faire la différence avec le ''C++''. | Les types ''C#'' se postfixe avec un ''^'' et on utilise ''using namespace'' à la place de ''using'' pour faire la différence avec le ''C++''. |
<code csharp> | <code csharp> |
La notion de référence ''&'' n'existe pas pour les objets managés. | La notion de référence ''&'' n'existe pas pour les objets managés. |
| |
=====C# => C++===== | ====C# => C++==== |
===Pointeurs=== | ===Pointeurs=== |
[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25600940/managed-c-cli-array-conversion-error|Managed C++/CLI Array Conversion Error]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:c_cli_-_managed_c_cli_array_conversion_error_-_stack_overflow.mhtml |Archive du 22/11/2018}} | [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25600940/managed-c-cli-array-conversion-error|Managed C++/CLI Array Conversion Error]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:c_cli_-_managed_c_cli_array_conversion_error_-_stack_overflow_2019-12-13_3_13_20_pm_.html |Archive du 01/09/2014 le 13/12/2019}} |
* C# | * C# |
<code csharp> | <code csharp> |
| |
* CLR | * CLR |
| C'est ''cli::pin_ptr'' qui fait office de ''GC::StillAlive()'' et donc ''val'' ne sera pas purgé tant que ''pin_ptr'' est en vie. |
| |
| <blockquote>An object is pinned only while a pin_ptr points to it. The object is no longer pinned when its pinning pointer goes out of scope, or is set to nullptr. After the pin_ptr goes out of scope, the object that was pinned can be moved in the heap by the garbage collector. |
| |
| [[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/windows/pin-ptr-cpp-cli?view=vs-2017|pin_ptr (C++/CLI)]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:pin_ptr_c_cli_microsoft_docs_2019-12-13_3_13_28_pm_.html |Archive du 12/10/2018 le 13/12/2019}} |
| </blockquote> |
| |
<code cpp> | <code cpp> |
static float CalcSumArray(array<float>^ val, int length) | static float CalcSumArray(array<float>^ val, int length) |
</code> | </code> |
| |
=====C++ => C#===== | ===Marshaling=== |
===string=== | ^From type ^To type ^Marshal method ^Include file^ |
| |System::String%%^%% |const char * |marshal_context |marshal.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |const wchar_t* |marshal_context |marshal.h| |
| |System::IntPtr |HANDLE |marshal_as |marshal_windows.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |BSTR |marshal_context |marshal_windows.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |bstr_t |marshal_as |marshal_windows.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |std::string |marshal_as |marshal_cppstd.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |std::wstring |marshal_as |marshal_cppstd.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |CStringT<char> |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |CStringT<wchar_t> |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |System::String%%^%% |CComBSTR |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |
| Exemple : |
<code cpp> | <code cpp> |
#include <msclr\marshal.h> | #include <msclr\marshal_cppstd.h> |
| System::String^ managed = "test"; |
| std::string unmanaged = msclr::interop::marshal_as<std::string>(managed); |
| </code> |
| |
const char * message = "test"; | [[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/dotnet/overview-of-marshaling-in-cpp?view=vs-2017|Overview of Marshaling in C++]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:overview_of_marshaling_in_c_microsoft_docs_2019-12-13_3_13_36_pm_.html |Archive du 12/07/2019 le 13/12/2019}} |
String^ managed = marshal_as<String^>( message ); | |
| ====C++ => C#==== |
| ===Marshaling=== |
| ^From type ^To type ^Marshal method ^Include file^ |
| |const char * |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal.h| |
| |char * |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal.h| |
| |const wchar_t * |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal.h| |
| |wchar_t * |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal.h| |
| |HANDLE |System::IntPtr |marshal_as |marshal_windows.h| |
| |BSTR |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal.h| |
| |bstr_t |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_windows.h| |
| |std::string |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_cppstd.h| |
| |std::wstring |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_cppstd.h| |
| |CStringT<char> |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |CStringT<wchar_t> |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |CComBSTR |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as |marshal_atl.h| |
| |
| ===struct=== |
| <code cpp> |
| struct Argument |
| { |
| int age; |
| char name[50]; |
| } ; |
</code> | </code> |
| |
| <code csharp> |
| [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] |
| public struct Argument |
| { |
| public int age; |
| |
| [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr, SizeConst = 50)] |
| public string name; |
| // fixed char name[50]; // Autre possibilité |
| } |
| </code> |
| |
| ===Prototype=== |
| ^C++/CLI ^C# généré ^ |
| |''uint8_t'' |''byte'' | |
| |''array<uint8_t>%%^%%'' |''byte[]'' | |
| |''System::String%%^%%'' |''string'' | |
| |''System::String%%^%%%'' |''ref string''| |
| |''[System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out]System::String%%^%%%''|''out string''| |
| |''[System::Runtime::InteropServices::In]System::String%%^%%%'' |''ref string''| |
| |''float'' |''float'' | |
| |''float&'' |''float*'' | |
| |''float%'' |''ref float'' | |
| |
| ====Erreurs==== |
| * '''IServiceProvider': ambiguous symbol'' |
| Il ne faut pas mettre ''using namespace System;'' avant la déclaration de ''#include <msclr/marshal_cppstd.h>''. |
| |
| * '''msclr::interop::marshal_as': none of the 3 overloads could convert all the argument types'' |
| Il ne faut pas tenter d'utiliser directement un attribut d'une classe. Il faut passer par une variable locale : |
| <code> |
| System::String^ fic = fichier_; |
| std::string tt = msclr::interop::marshal_as<std::string>(fic); |
| </code> |
| |
| * '''XXX.YYY(?)' is not supported by the language'' |
| Apparaît dans le projet C# en essayant d'appeler une fonction du projet ''C++/CLI''. Dans le projet ''C++/CLI'', il manque le ''^'' après le type à la place du ''?''. |
| |
| [[https://qualapps.blogspot.com/2008/07/using-atlstrh-in-managed-project.html|Fixing "ambiguous symbol" in a C++/CLR project]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:technical_blog_for_jim_beveridge_fixing_ambiguous_symbol_in_a_c_clr_project_2019-12-13_3_13_44_pm_.html |Archive du 11/07/2008 le 13/12/2019}} |