====Syntaxe de C++/CLI====
Les types ''C#'' se postfixe avec un ''^'' et on utilise ''using namespace'' à la place de ''using'' pour faire la différence avec le ''C++''.
<code csharp>
using namespace System::Threading;
Mutex^ mutex;
</code>

Une classe est autorisée à utiliser les types C# si sa déclaration est précédée de ''ref''.
<code csharp>
public ref class Carte {}
</code>

L'initialisation des variables statiques d'une classe doit se faire dans l'entête et l'allocation mémoire se faire avec un ''gcnew''.
<code csharp>
public ref class Driver
{
  static System::Collections::Generic::List<Carte^>^ cartes = gcnew System::Collections::Generic::List<Carte^>();
</code>

La notion de référence ''&'' n'existe pas pour les objets managés.

====C# => C++====
===Pointeurs===
[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25600940/managed-c-cli-array-conversion-error|Managed C++/CLI Array Conversion Error]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:c_cli_-_managed_c_cli_array_conversion_error_-_stack_overflow_2019-12-13_3_13_20_pm_.html |Archive du 01/09/2014 le 13/12/2019}}
  * C#
<code csharp>
CalcSumArray(new[] { 1.1f, 2.2f, 3.3f, 4.4f, 5.5f, 6.6f }, 6);
</code>

  * CLR
C'est ''cli::pin_ptr'' qui fait office de ''GC::StillAlive()'' et donc ''val'' ne sera pas purgé tant que ''pin_ptr'' est en vie.

<blockquote>An object is pinned only while a pin_ptr points to it. The object is no longer pinned when its pinning pointer goes out of scope, or is set to nullptr. After the pin_ptr goes out of scope, the object that was pinned can be moved in the heap by the garbage collector.

[[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/windows/pin-ptr-cpp-cli?view=vs-2017|pin_ptr (C++/CLI)]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:pin_ptr_c_cli_microsoft_docs_2019-12-13_3_13_28_pm_.html |Archive du 12/10/2018 le 13/12/2019}}
</blockquote>

<code cpp>
static float CalcSumArray(array<float>^ val, int length)
{
  cli::pin_ptr<float> t = &val[0];
  float* y = t;
  return SumArray(y, length);
}
</code>

  * C++
<code cpp>
float SumArray(float* val, int length);
</code>

===Marshaling===
^From type           ^To type           ^Marshal method  ^Include file^
|System::String%%^%% |const char *      |marshal_context |marshal.h|
|System::String%%^%% |const wchar_t*    |marshal_context |marshal.h|
|System::IntPtr      |HANDLE            |marshal_as      |marshal_windows.h|
|System::String%%^%% |BSTR              |marshal_context |marshal_windows.h|
|System::String%%^%% |bstr_t            |marshal_as      |marshal_windows.h|
|System::String%%^%% |std::string       |marshal_as      |marshal_cppstd.h|
|System::String%%^%% |std::wstring      |marshal_as      |marshal_cppstd.h|
|System::String%%^%% |CStringT<char>    |marshal_as      |marshal_atl.h|
|System::String%%^%% |CStringT<wchar_t> |marshal_as      |marshal_atl.h|
|System::String%%^%% |CComBSTR          |marshal_as      |marshal_atl.h|

Exemple :
<code cpp>
#include <msclr\marshal_cppstd.h>
System::String^ managed = "test";
std::string unmanaged = msclr::interop::marshal_as<std::string>(managed);
</code>

[[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/dotnet/overview-of-marshaling-in-cpp?view=vs-2017|Overview of Marshaling in C++]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:overview_of_marshaling_in_c_microsoft_docs_2019-12-13_3_13_36_pm_.html |Archive du 12/07/2019 le 13/12/2019}}

====C++ => C#====
===Marshaling===
^From type         ^To type             ^Marshal method ^Include file^
|const char *      |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal.h|
|char *            |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal.h|
|const wchar_t *   |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal.h|
|wchar_t *         |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal.h|
|HANDLE            |System::IntPtr      |marshal_as     |marshal_windows.h|
|BSTR              |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal.h|
|bstr_t            |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_windows.h|
|std::string       |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_cppstd.h|
|std::wstring      |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_cppstd.h|
|CStringT<char>    |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_atl.h|
|CStringT<wchar_t> |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_atl.h|
|CComBSTR          |System::String%%^%% |marshal_as     |marshal_atl.h|

===struct===
<code cpp>
struct Argument 
{
  int age;
  char name[50];
} ;
</code>

<code csharp>
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public struct Argument
{
  public int age;

  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr, SizeConst = 50)]
  public string name;
  // fixed char name[50]; // Autre possibilité
}
</code>

===Prototype===
^C++/CLI                                                        ^C# généré     ^
|''uint8_t''                                                    |''byte''      |
|''array<uint8_t>%%^%%''                                        |''byte[]''    |
|''System::String%%^%%''                                        |''string''    |
|''System::String%%^%%%''                                       |''ref string''|
|''[System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out]System::String%%^%%%''|''out string''|
|''[System::Runtime::InteropServices::In]System::String%%^%%%'' |''ref string''|
|''float''                                                      |''float''     |
|''float&''                                                     |''float*''    |
|''float%''                                                     |''ref float'' |

====Erreurs====
  * '''IServiceProvider': ambiguous symbol''
Il ne faut pas mettre ''using namespace System;'' avant la déclaration de ''#include <msclr/marshal_cppstd.h>''.

  * '''msclr::interop::marshal_as': none of the 3 overloads could convert all the argument types''
Il ne faut pas tenter d'utiliser directement un attribut d'une classe. Il faut passer par une variable locale :
<code>
System::String^ fic = fichier_;
std::string tt = msclr::interop::marshal_as<std::string>(fic);
</code>

  * '''XXX.YYY(?)' is not supported by the language''
Apparaît dans le projet C# en essayant d'appeler une fonction du projet ''C++/CLI''. Dans le projet ''C++/CLI'', il manque le ''^'' après le type à la place du ''?''.

[[https://qualapps.blogspot.com/2008/07/using-atlstrh-in-managed-project.html|Fixing "ambiguous symbol" in a C++/CLR project]] {{ :lang:csharp:clr:technical_blog_for_jim_beveridge_fixing_ambiguous_symbol_in_a_c_clr_project_2019-12-13_3_13_44_pm_.html |Archive du 11/07/2008 le 13/12/2019}}